Saturday, August 22, 2015

Why We’re Choosing Private School for our Son



            For those of you who know me in the real world or who’ve been following this blog for awhile, you know that I am a public school educator.  I have been working in the school system- specifically in low-income schools- for the past thirteen years.  I am a big believer in public schools and have a deep sense of pride in the work that we do.
            But my husband and I have decided that public school is no longer the right choice for our son, who will be starting first grade this year.  We didn’t come to this decision lightly nor by ourselves.  We consulted with his team of teachers and support personnel, researched many different options, visited different sites, talked to family, prayed about it, and finally reached our decision.  Suffice it to say that it was not an easy choice to make.  However, in the end, everyone in Ben’s life agreed that the school we chose looks to be the best possible match for him.
            I’m writing to you about this decision not to encourage everyone to leave public schools and pursue private.  I’m writing to say that this decision is as individual as each precious child.  This decision makes sense for our family for these reasons…and many more…

1)   The pace is slower
Public school teachers are bound to standards and pacing guides that clearly lay out the information that needs to be taught in a specific amount of time.   Teachers often feel a push to get it all in.  I see it every day. Private schools have the flexibility to design their own curriculum.  Ben’s school has chosen a curriculum that focuses on teaching through hands-on, multi-sensory learning, and the majority of learning happens in small groups.  Ben is a smart, capable boy, but he had a hard time keeping up with the pace of the curriculum in kindergarten, which led to higher anxiety for him.  His teacher and I both agreed that this would only get harder as he progressed through the grade levels.  We made the decision to make the move now before the struggles became too much.

2)   Less emphasis on testing
Let me say that I am all for assessments and accountability.  I believe that we need to assess children to know their strengths and weaknesses, and to use that information to guide instruction.  However, it had become clear from both Ben’s PreK and Kindergarten year that Ben does not perform well on tests.  He has difficulty focusing, even when he takes the test in a very small group.  Therefore, the results of the test are usually not an accurate picture of his abilities.  Public school uses testing as a measure of so many things and spends so much time in preparation of testing.  His new school will spend much less time on assessments. 

3)   Little to no homework
Again- I am not against homework on principle, but I believe that homework should be a way for the child to practice skills that are taught in class.  I don’t believe it should consume all of the evening hours.  Ben will read with me every night and do a reading log, along with some math games to reinforce what he is learning in math.  That will be it.

4)   Smaller class size
Ben is a child who requires extra assistance, and this is very hard for public school teacher to give (though they certainly do their best!).  Had he remained in public schools, in order to receive a smaller class size with more assistance, he would have had to go to a self-contained classroom that had all students with disabilities.  Ben’s new school has a class of sixteen with one teacher and one full-time teacher assistant who is always in the room.  This will provide him with more adult support while still staying in a class with a mix of children with IEPs and “regular” peer models for him, which he needs.  In addition, it is a multi-age class with both kindergarten and first graders in the room.  I am thrilled about this because it will allow him to revisit some of the foundational pieces of kindergarten that he still needs without him having to repeat kindergarten.  He’ll also have the opportunity to visit other teachers in the school for science, writing, social studies, and Christian virtues in the afternoon as each teacher has one subject in which she is the content area expert.  They also have a social skills curriculum called Super Flex to teach flexible thinking using superheroes.  Such a smart plan!

5)   Time for the “extras”
Sadly, because of the curriculum demands, there is little time for the “extras” in public schools.  Also, because it is a public school, there are certain things, such as religion, that cannot be taught.  Ben’s school is actually one section of a large church (which is one of his favorite parts about it).  It has a huge gymnasium (rare in Florida, by the way) where they often blow up bounce houses and has a rock climbing wall.  Ben will have two recesses, one indoor and one outdoor.  Lunch is thirty minutes and the kids eat with their teachers in the classroom (there’s no cafeteria).  In addition, they have PE twice a week, two days of drama, and one day of Spanish.  All children receive support from the speech and OT teachers who come to the class twice a week.  Friday is more relaxed with learning games in the morning to reinforce concepts learned in the week (remember “Fun Friday?”).  In addition, the class is equipped for children with sensory needs.  It has a trampoline, a chill-out tent for when things get to be too much.  They do brain gym every day to help the body and brain connect.  The kids can sit on wiggle cushions or T stools (a special chair with one leg for kids who need to move while sitting).  Oh, and they take a field trip about once each month.  I could go on and on about all the “extras” that are really what will make the difference in Ben’s learning this year.


And so as Ben gets ready to enter his new school, he is sad to be leaving his old friends and teachers behind but excited for his new adventure.  After Open House, he told me that I had found the perfect school for him.  That he matches his school like puzzle pieces fit together.  I hope he is right.  We did our best.  I told him that there will always be challenges that come up.  “But now I’ll know what to do when I am frustrated.  I have a tent,” he told me.  And so, I am cautiously optimistic at the start of this new school year.  We’ll miss his friends and teachers at his old school and we are grateful for all they have given him.  They set him on the right path and we appreciate everyone’s support as we begin this journey into the private school world.  I’ll keep you posted as we continue on this journey.

Tuesday, August 18, 2015

Creating a Back to School Plan for your Sensory Child



Back to school can be a difficult time, especially for a child with sensory needs.  I still can’t believe that my son Ben will be a first grader this year! 

When he was in PreK, I underestimated the challenges his sensory needs would bring to the classroom.  In kinder, I was more prepared for what his needs would be and scheduled a meeting with his teacher at the start of the year to discuss these challenges as well as his strengths. 

Now, as he enters first grade, we have had two years to learn about what works for him in the classroom and what doesn’t.  Ben has come a long way, and things that used to challenge him (cutting with scissors, transitioning from one task to another) aren’t as big of a deal. 

And so, as Ben gets ready to enter first grade, it’s time for me to sit down with his new teacher.  I am thrilled that Ben’s OT will also be joining the conversation this year.   

What follows is part of a packet that I will give Ben’s teacher when we meet later this week.   Of course, your child is different from mine, but hopefully this will give you a starting point when thinking about how to approach a similar conversation with your child’s teacher and make a plan for your own child.  Feel free to use any parts of this that apply to your child. 

Classroom Environment (Setting)

The ideal classroom for Ben is set up to minimize distractions and promote learning with…

-Clearly defined spaces/areas within the classroom
(i.e. stations/centers, carpet area, student work area, class library, etc). Ben does best when he clearly knows the function of each area and the “rules” for using it.  For example, if the center is closed, a small sign saying “closed” is more helpful than someone saying the area is off limits.

-Daily schedule is posted, referred to often, and consistently followed.
(Ben may need his personal copy of the schedule for his table area, though his teacher said he functioned fine without one last year.  He likes to know what is coming next- and how much time a task will take (“How many minutes until…?”)

-Predictable routines and procedures. 
If a schedule is going to change, Ben does best when he is giving a forewarning about it.  Of course, this is not always possible.

-Consistent rules and expectations
(Gives clarity on how to do things).  Ben is a rule follower and does best when the rules are clearly explained.  He wants to please and will be very remorseful if he thinks he let you down.  Be clear on your expectations for him up front- with visuals if possible- and make sure the task and demands are reasonable for him.  If so, he will be eager to carry out the task.

-Calm, organized environment with a reduction of visual distractions. 
Ben gets overwhelmed in a “busy” classroom.  He does best in a quiet space without a lot of stimulation.  His anxiety rises in a chaotic environment.

-Cool-down area for sensory breaks. 
It would be helpful to teach Ben to use a “I need a break” card to give you when he is feeling overwhelmed.  This will allow him to go to a “cool down” spot in the class.  Give him a few to use throughout the day so he can learn to self-regulate or teach him a signal to show you when he needs to take a break.  Ben needs lots of opportunities for movement throughout the day!  5 minute energizers and “brain breaks” work great for him!

-Calm lighting and a soothing environment during work time. 
Ben prefers quiet.  J

Teacher

Ben works well with a teacher who…

-Is kind, firm, and consistent. 
Ben has a gentle disposition and usually a clear warning is all he needs.  Time outs work will for him- with talk after about why he was in time out and what to do differently next time.

-Is experienced…
Has some background in children with special needs (if possible)

…and/or…

-Is willing to learn and grow
Ben does best with a teacher who is the lead learner.  She is always open to new ideas and welcomes input from parents.  She seeks out professional development in order to grow and meet the needs of all her learners.

-Maintains clear and consistent expectations.

-Has clear and concise teaching points
This teacher keeps the lesson brief and to the point.  She isn’t the one doing most of the talking.  She uses visuals along with verbal directions.   She uses nonverbal cues to remind Ben of the rules and expectations.  Coming up with a “secret signal” works well for him.

-Is calm
She does not get “ruffled” easily.   She recognizes that all behavior is communication and does not take student behaviors personally.

-Holds kids accountable academically and behaviorally.  
Students know exactly what to expect. There is no “gray” area.

-Has high expectations…
but also differentiates for the needs of all learners.  She recognizes the difference between having high expectations and making the work too hard for the child.  She recognizes the value of adding supports for her students so that they can access the material and succeed.  She knows what is developmentally appropriate for the ages and stages of her learners.

Additional Supports

-Another consideration is how to integrate all of the support teachers (speech, OT, paras, etc) into the structures for the day.  These key members of the team need to coordinate schedules effectively.  Ideally, they offer supports within the classroom and provide techniques that can be utilized throughout the day, not just when they are in the class providing services.

-When “Big Events” occur at school, sensory strategies are provided during and after
*Ben gets very excited during these events.  Keep in mind it will take Ben time to “come down” after the event ends.  The more stimulating the event, the longer it will take him to return to a calm state for learning.  Doing some heavy work tasks after the event will help.  The OT can help with this.



Ben’s Needs
Sensory

Modulation-
Ben’s brain has difficulty taking in all of the sensory input from around him (visual, auditory, etc) and keeping himself calm and regulated.   This makes his behavior appear to be unpredictable and he may seem to be frustrated at the tiniest of things.   He also may seem to be calm one moment but agitated the next.  Without sensory strategies in place, he has difficulty maintaining a calm state where he is ready to learn.

Strategies that help Ben:
-Predictability is calming to him.  When he is unsure of what’s coming next, he becomes anxious.  This is why visual schedules and consistent routines are helpful.
-When Ben starts becoming anxious, he needs sensory strategies BEFORE he melts down.  He needs to be taught techniques to help him self-calm.  Ben has told me that he prefers a big hug when he is feeling anxious.

-Sensory techniques (see below) are very effective for Ben, but they must be repeated every few hours as they “wear off”.  These techniques allow him to be able to relax, focus, and learn.  Activities involving pushing, pulling, lifting, and carrying are best.
*Heavy work tasks help bring calm and stability (i.e. carrying a note to another class with a heavy backpack, wall push-ups, squeeze ball, bear crawl, kneading Play-Doh, weighted vest during class, wiping tables, etc)
*Stimulating the vestibular system also helps (swinging, jumping on trampoline, monkey bars, running, rocking chair, spinning around…)

Social/Emotional

Emotional Regulation-
When Ben becomes frustrated, overwhelmed, or upset, he will sometimes cry.  Again, this may seem to be for “little problems” that happen, such as if he were to spill a box of crayons, lose a favorite pencil, or be picked last to get a drink of water.

Strategies that help Ben:
-Explaining a task clearly, telling Ben exactly what is expected of him, and providing a visual example.

- “If…then…” statements work well for him
(Example:  “If you finish this page of work, then you can get a drink”)

-Rewards and motivators (sticker charts) also work well for him.

-Social stories (talking through what is going to happen) help him to stay calm and anticipate a change to his routine.

-Waiting his turn is hard for Ben.  Using “Wait cards” or other visual cues are very helpful.  He also has difficulty being at the end of the line (He’s a “Z” in the alphabet and is usually last to do pretty much everything.)

-Consequences are effective if they are given immediately and connect to the situation.  Restitution works well (cleaning up a spill, etc).  Explain to Ben exactly what to do next time in the situation so the incident has less likelihood of being repeated.  It helps to read social stories and act out appropriate responses also.

-If Ben is overwhelmed, he needs time to cool down.  If he is pushed to “work through” these emotions, he will become more stressed and anxious, and his behaviors will escalate.  Reducing the demands and placing him in a calm environment will help his body and brain to “reset”.

Focus-
Ben may appear unfocused in class.  This could be due to a wide variety of causes.  Because he has a hard time filtering out extraneous sensory information, he can be distracted by background sounds/visual information around him.  However, he often recalls details even when he does not appear to be listening because he processes information differently than most learners.  Make sure to have Ben’s full attention before giving him directions.  Having him repeat back the steps is also helpful.

Language

Social Skills-
Ben is working on his peer interaction skills.  He made so many friends in kindergarten and loves his friends!  He does need help knowing how to initiate interactions with peers and will need encouragement to “stay with” his friends. Ben has a strong vocabulary but has difficulty with the pragmatic (social) aspect of language. 

Strategies that help Ben:
-Practicing how to initiate and take turns during conversations
-Playing games or doing collaborative group activities where everyone has a role (Ben loves board games and is very good at Monopoly, Sorry, etc)
-Encouraging peer interaction, especially during non-academic times such as specials, lunch, recess, etc.
-How to use language to talk through problems when difficulties arise with friends

****************

I hope this list helps spark ideas of ways you can open conversations with your child’s teacher and his support team.  Schedule a time to talk to your child’s teacher when you can talk uninterrupted by distractions.  Back-to-school night is not ideal for this sort of conversation!

In my experience, keeping open, positive communication with a spirit of helping each other to help your child yields the best results.  Remember- you know your child best, but also that your child may present different behaviors at school than he does at home.  Hearing from everyone who works with your child should help provide different perspectives that will help to create strategies that will best meet your child’s needs.   Good luck!
Welcome to the Sensory Blog Hop — a monthly gathering of posts from sensory bloggers hosted by The Sensory Spectrum and The Jenny Evolution. Click on the links below to read stories from other bloggers about what it’s like to have Sensory Processing Disorder and to raise a sensory kiddo!


Tuesday, July 21, 2015

Why Self-Advocacy Matters #SensoryBlogHop

Ben and his Nana viewing an empty water park and making plans for the next day.  Ben is wearing wolf ears as you do at The Great Wolf Lodge.

Self-advocacy, according to texasprojectfirst.org refers to “an individual’s ability to effectively communicate, convey, negotiate, or assert his or her own interests, desires, needs, and rights.”

Self-advocacy isn’t unique to the autism community. We all must learn how to make our needs known as well as make requests based on our unique preferences.  There are examples of this all around us.  My good friend has back issues and always asks for straight chairs at a restaurant rather than sitting at a booth.  My dad makes sure to ask if a unfamiliar dish has fish in it before he eats it, since he’s allergic.  And my mom prefers lemon in her tea so she always asks for it when she orders.  Some requests are big, while others are small, but all are forms of self-advocacy. 

I wrote about self-advocacy once before here, but it has been on my mind recently because my family went on vacation to the Great Wolf Lodge, which is a hotel and indoor water park all in one.  We had a great time but, as is usual in a new environment, Ben faced some sensory hurdles during our stay.

As I helped Ben navigate through these challenges, it got me thinking about how Ben communicates his needs when I am not around.  While I am glad that Ben trusts me as his safe zone and walking security blanket, I ultimately want him to be self-reliant.  

Self-advocacy matters.  Ben needs to be able to communicate with children and adults alike.  He has  to tell a teacher at school when the work is overwhelming and he needs a five-minute break.  He needs to know how to say "enough" when a game of tag get too rough on the playground.  He needs to know which adults in this world are safe to help him when I’m not available, and how to ask for that help.

And so here are some ways that I’m encouraging Ben to be a self-advocate. 

1)  Practicing “What Would You Do?” Scenarios

Ben is at his best in a calm, predictable environment, but this is obviously not always possible.  He also tends to become anxious and panic at the first sign of trouble, whether it is a wasp circling overhead or a seatbelt that just won't click.  He relies heavily on a small circle of trusted adults to help him work through difficult situations.

None of us like to fear the worst, but I feel it is important to prepare him for what to do if he found himself in a situation where he were separated from those who trust and protect him.

When we’re out in public, like at the mall, I've started playing the "what would you do" game.  I ask Ben what he would do if he couldn’t find me and he was lost.   How would he get help?  This is very hard for him right now and that scares me more than a little.  Someone recently asked him for his phone number and I realized that my number nut doesn’t have it memorized. 

I’m going to be stepping up the safety talks as much as I can without triggering his already anxious disposition too much.

2)  Letting him speak for himself

I have the bad habit of answering questions for Ben that he is perfectly capable of answering.  Too often, I am his spokesperson to the outside world.  I’ve done it so much that when I try to get Ben to speak for himself, he’ll say, “You tell them.”  And so, I’m making an effort not to be his translator when the server asks for his meal order or when his uncle asks him about his year in kindergarten.  I do cue him at times so he knows to tune into the speaker.  I'll say, "Ben, so-and-so is talking to you." and then he'll turn and listen.

Right now, we give him lots of choices, such as what to wear, where to eat lunch, etc, within certain parameters.  This helps him recognize his preferences and learn to voice them.  Eventually, we will teach him the difference between needs and preferences so that he learns times when it’s vital to speak up (as in when he’s about to go into meltdown and needs a break) and times when it would be nice for him to have what he wants but not necessary (such as getting to go down the slide first at recess).  We're also working on when it's his turn to speak and when he has to wait until someone else is done speaking.  Tricky stuff.

Eventually, we will involve him in decisions that impact his world on a bigger scale, such as participating in IEP meetings and talking to him about his autism and what it means in terms of his strengths and challenges. 

3) Teaching him to listen to his body’s sensory needs

When Ben tells me that something is “too much,” like when he was done at water park after an hour and a half, I listen.   As soon as we stepped out of the park, he visibly relaxed.  “Ah! I love quiet,” he said.  And then I realized just how loud that park really was to him.  Rather than pushing him to have a lunch poolside with the family, we had a quiet lunch in our nice, dark, hotel room.  It gave him the energy he needed to go back and enjoy the water slides in the afternoon.  

It’s important for Ben to listen to his body, especially when he’s going into sensory overload or is on a verge of a meltdown.   We’re also working on finding ways that work best for him to calm his body down.  When he is having a meltdown, he hates to be told to take deep breaths or to count to ten.  Instead, he has told me that what helps him most is a quiet place and a deep bear hug.  And so, we are teaching him to make these requests so that he can get what he needs from others.

This summer has reminded me that when Ben does something that is new or exciting, even when he really loves it, he needs a few hours of downtime immediately after so that his body can cope with the sensory demands.  The more exciting or stressful the event, the more down time he needs.  This summer has given me a new appreciation for how demanding school must be for him, with its long hours and little breaks.  It will be that much more important to give him time to decompress in the afternoons and evenings once school begins again.

4)  Stretching him outside his comfort zone

Ben would prefer to stay where it is safe, comfortable, and familiar, which often means the security of our home.   I try to balance his need for this safety net, especially after a long day at school, with the responsibility to prepare him function independently in a world that is not often sensory-friendly. 
When we were at the water park, I pushed him past his comfort zone to try a water slide that I knew he would love.  To get to it he had to climb multiple levels of water-spraying, bucket-dumping obstacles that are designed for fun but, to him, are anything but.  Normally he would have worn his goggles, but they weren’t allowed on the water slides, which was unfortunate.  And so when he saw the multiple layers of cascading water standing between him and the slide, he tried to run in the opposite direction.  I could have let him go back to the security of the little slides, but I made a split second decision to literally push him past the obstacles in our way.  I showed him how to weave around the worst of the waterfalls.   I told him to close his eyes in the worst section as I helped him through the wall of water.  And, finally, when we reached the top and he tried the slide, he found that he did in fact love it.  As he climbed the steps to do it again, I reminded him that sometimes we have to try things, even though we’re afraid, to find out we really love them.

I’ve learned to be careful of my language so that Ben doesn’t pick up on a fearful or negative attitude from me.  I used to say things like, “Ben doesn’t like that” or “Ben is afraid to do that”.  The turning point was when I noticed Ben asking, “Mom, do I like that?”  So now I say things like, “I bet Ben would like to try that.  Peaches are so juicy and sweet.  He loves sweet things!”  rather than, “Ben doesn’t like peaches.”  By keeping an optimistic tone (even if he’s avoided the thing the past fifty times) it conveys the message that he can do it, if not today, then one day.

5) Intervening when necessary on his behalf

Parents know that we need to let kids learn to do things for themselves, even though it usually takes longer.  Whether it is putting on their own clothes and shoes or zipping up their coat, it’s important to foster independence. 

Though my goal is to help Ben to become a confident, self-sufficient adult, the reality is that he’s still six years old and there are times when the protective momma bear is going to come out.

Like when an older kid stood above us on our trip up to the water slide.  You know- the water slide Ben was afraid to try because of all the watery obstacles.  I didn’t notice the kid the first time until I felt the force of a full bucket of icy water on my head.  I looked up and noticed him grinning above me.  “Nice one,” I muttered sarcastically as we moved on, silently thankful that Ben wasn’t the one to be dunked.  The second time, though, I was on to his tricks and saw him snickering with a bucketful of water poised and ready.  I yelled up to him, “It’s not funny!  He doesn’t like it” And yet, as we crossed the rickety bridge, we both got drenched with icy water.  My boy was now howling in surprise and agony.  I looked for a parental figure and, finding none, I marched up to the boy and said in a low but firm voice, “Look at him.  This is not fun for him.  He doesn’t like water in his face but he loves this slide.  I need you to stop it.”  And, remarkably, he did. 

Ben became the master of the Great Wolf howl.  He loved the idea of "howling so loud that we wake everyone in this hotel".

And so, we take each day as it comes.  We love Ben through his successes and his moments of frustration and fear.  I am so fortunate to have family who love him as much as I do and seek ways to help support him without trying to change the person who he is.  And this, more than anything else, is why I know that he is going to be okay. 

How do you teach your children independence and self-advocacy?